excoriate 英 式和 美 式 SAT GRE
瀏覽量:321 發布時間:2020-08-22
In 1965 Ralph Nader published “Unsafe at Any Speed”, a bestselling book that exposed and excoriated the industry’s lax attitude.
1965年,拉爾夫·納德出版了《任何速度都不安全》,這本暢銷書揭示并痛斥了汽車制造業的懶散態度。
——《經濟學人》
Warren Buffett is latest billionaire to excoriate Donald Trump.
沃倫·巴菲特是最新一位斥責唐納德·特朗普的億萬富翁。
——《紐約時報》
基本釋義
[verb] damage or remove part of the surface of (the skin)
[動詞] 損傷或去除(皮膚)表面的一部分
深入解讀
Excoriate 一詞源自晚期拉丁語 excoriare (剝皮),15世紀初進入英語時原指“剝人或動物的皮,以任何方式破壞和去除皮膚的外層”,可以與剝水果、蔬菜等皮的熟詞 peel 聯想記憶。這個基本含義發展到現在主要是用在醫學領域作為一個專業術語表示“擦破、擦傷、剝落”皮膚,比如:
我絆了一下,摔了個四腳朝天。同時,我的雙腿被尖刺擦破了。
I tripped and went sprawling. At the same time, my legs were excoriated by the prickles.
而到了18世紀初, excoriate 開始引申為一個正式用語表示“嚴厲斥責、痛斥”,多指在公共場合以一種非常嚴厲的方式批評某人、某個組織以及作品、觀點、政治行為等,好比剝人一層皮那般嚴厲,比如:
他開始在護士面前痛斥那位醫生。
He proceeded to excoriate the doctor in front of the nurses.
這位總統痛斥西方新聞界充滿偏見的觀點和居高臨下的態度。
The president excoriated the Western press for their biased views and condescending attitudes.
雙語名著
The diamonds and rubies seem wet, and make veiled beings in the shadow below weep, their sides bruised with the hair shirt and their iron-tipped scourges, their breasts crushed with wicker hurdles, their knees excoriated with prayer; women who think themselves wives, spectres who think themselves seraphim.
金剛鉆和紅寶石都好象是濕潤的,一些婦女戴著面紗,腰肢被氈毛內衣和鐵針制成的鞭子扎得遍體鱗傷,雙乳被柳條網緊緊束住,膝頭因祈禱而皮破血流,伏在雕像下的黑暗中哭泣,那是些以神妻自居的凡婦,以天女自居的幽靈。
出自法國作家維克多·雨果的長篇小說《悲慘世界》(Les Misérables,原意為“悲慘的人們”“可憐的人們”)。該小說是19世紀最著名的小說之一,故事的主線圍繞主人公土倫苦刑犯冉·阿讓(Jean Valjean)的個人經歷,融進了法國的歷史、革命、戰爭、道德哲學、法律、正義、宗教信仰等,多次被改編演繹成影視作品。
同近義詞
chafe: (with reference to a part of the body) make or become sore by rubbing against something
abrade: scrape or wear away by friction or erosion
scrape: rub or cause to rub by accident against a rough or hard surface, causing damage or injury
1965年,拉爾夫·納德出版了《任何速度都不安全》,這本暢銷書揭示并痛斥了汽車制造業的懶散態度。
——《經濟學人》
Warren Buffett is latest billionaire to excoriate Donald Trump.
沃倫·巴菲特是最新一位斥責唐納德·特朗普的億萬富翁。
——《紐約時報》
基本釋義
[verb] damage or remove part of the surface of (the skin)
[動詞] 損傷或去除(皮膚)表面的一部分
深入解讀
Excoriate 一詞源自晚期拉丁語 excoriare (剝皮),15世紀初進入英語時原指“剝人或動物的皮,以任何方式破壞和去除皮膚的外層”,可以與剝水果、蔬菜等皮的熟詞 peel 聯想記憶。這個基本含義發展到現在主要是用在醫學領域作為一個專業術語表示“擦破、擦傷、剝落”皮膚,比如:
我絆了一下,摔了個四腳朝天。同時,我的雙腿被尖刺擦破了。
I tripped and went sprawling. At the same time, my legs were excoriated by the prickles.
而到了18世紀初, excoriate 開始引申為一個正式用語表示“嚴厲斥責、痛斥”,多指在公共場合以一種非常嚴厲的方式批評某人、某個組織以及作品、觀點、政治行為等,好比剝人一層皮那般嚴厲,比如:
他開始在護士面前痛斥那位醫生。
He proceeded to excoriate the doctor in front of the nurses.
這位總統痛斥西方新聞界充滿偏見的觀點和居高臨下的態度。
The president excoriated the Western press for their biased views and condescending attitudes.
雙語名著
The diamonds and rubies seem wet, and make veiled beings in the shadow below weep, their sides bruised with the hair shirt and their iron-tipped scourges, their breasts crushed with wicker hurdles, their knees excoriated with prayer; women who think themselves wives, spectres who think themselves seraphim.
金剛鉆和紅寶石都好象是濕潤的,一些婦女戴著面紗,腰肢被氈毛內衣和鐵針制成的鞭子扎得遍體鱗傷,雙乳被柳條網緊緊束住,膝頭因祈禱而皮破血流,伏在雕像下的黑暗中哭泣,那是些以神妻自居的凡婦,以天女自居的幽靈。
出自法國作家維克多·雨果的長篇小說《悲慘世界》(Les Misérables,原意為“悲慘的人們”“可憐的人們”)。該小說是19世紀最著名的小說之一,故事的主線圍繞主人公土倫苦刑犯冉·阿讓(Jean Valjean)的個人經歷,融進了法國的歷史、革命、戰爭、道德哲學、法律、正義、宗教信仰等,多次被改編演繹成影視作品。
同近義詞
chafe: (with reference to a part of the body) make or become sore by rubbing against something
abrade: scrape or wear away by friction or erosion
scrape: rub or cause to rub by accident against a rough or hard surface, causing damage or injury